Nonlifting injector



Patented Mar. 12, 1935 {PATENT ome 1,994,124"; 5 1 NONLIFTING maaoroa Hans Deutsch and Paul James, Vienna, Austria,

assignors tc the. of Alex. Fiiedinafin,

Vinna, Austr ia Application March 19, 1934, Serial No. 716,405

4 Claims. (01. 103 -271) f The invention relates to non-lifting injectors, especially of the type wherein the member controlling the water supply to the nozzles is operated automatically by a steam actuatedmember 5 which controls the steam supply to the system of finds itself in presence of a sufficient quantity of cold water in the nozzles: wherefore it will immediately condense so that the injector is easily started. In this way, however, starting operation will cause the loss of a smaller or larger amount of water, the quantity depending on the skill of the operator. v

To decrease said loss and to avoid the manipulation necessary for opening the water valve, the above mentioned type of injector is employed,

" wherein the latter is actuated by a'piston-like member operated by the pressure of the steam supplied to the injector. This typethough of advantage from the above mentioned point of view-has however the drawback, that the full steam jet always enters into the system of nozzles simultaneously with or even by virtue of its greator velocity beforethe water, so that generally a sufiic-ient quantity of cold water for obtaining condensation will not be'present; it is therefore diffi'cult to start the injector and it is not possible to obtain an improved operation by opening the steamvalve very slowly. i

In order to obtain a sufficient but not excessive retardation of the admission of steam to the sys-. tem of nozzles with respect to the admission of waterv it has beenproposed tomove the said piston-like member by the steam pressureagainst a weight or a spring, and to control the steam v supply to the nozzles by this member in such-a way that steam is admitted to its full extent only after a certain amount of lifting of the water v lve: This arrangement is, however, unsatisfactory as the weight or the spring tension must of necessity be smallin order to enable the starting of the injector even at low boiler pressures.

Beyond a certain boiler pressurertherefore the weight or the springwill not cause a suffic'ient retardation of the steam supply. 7

It is therefore the main object of this inven- I tionto provide an arrangement by which the retardation of the'admission of the steam supply relatively to the admission of the water'supply s obtained even in cases where the admission pressure of the steam is relatively high,for instance above 150 pounds per square inch. With this end --in; view, a steam operated member controlled-by tire pressureorthe steai'n' supplied to thejinjector is provided, which opens the water admissionvalve,- when steam is fed to the injector and which controls the whole cross-section through which steam is flowing or part of it. Moreover a water brake mechanism retarding the opening rrioveinentoi said member to Such an extent that the full steam jet can enter into the nozzles only after a sufficient amount of cold water has passed through the injector, is ar ranged, which" consists of a piston, capable of moving within a hollow cylinder and when so moved, discharging a quantity of water through a restrieted cross-section serving as a throttling means.

In a preferred embodiment'of the invention, thewater chamber of the brake mechanism may be connected to achamber in whichs'ubstantially atmospheric pressure prevails, (such as the free air or the water admission -'chamber of the injector) said connection being controlled by a shut-off member, so that the brake mechanism may be rendered inoperative by opening said shut- 01? member. Whenever the steam pressure is relatively low and in particular is far below the above mentioned limit taken as an example of 150 pounds per square inch, the time required for the braking action will increase and a notable loss of water will occur. Theabove described means allows in such a case of eliminating the braking action by opening the shut off member and to thus remove the inconvenience experienced in connectionwith such very low pressures.

It; is moreover possible to combine the operated throttling member for the water supply and" the said shut-01f valve for rendering the brake mechanisininoperative in such a manner that when a relatively low admission pressure of steam is used and the water flow is accordingly throttledbysaid throttling member by hand, the brake mechanism is automatically made inoperative.

By the arrangementaccording to the invention the steam supply to the nozzles is very effectively retarded even when high admission pressures of steam are employed. On the other hand, by suitably adjusting the braking mechanism the amount of water lost at each starting operation can be reduced to the least possible extent.

In the accompanying drawing, an injector ar- .ranged-according to the invention is illustrated by way of example. Fig. l is a longitudinal sec- ,tional view and Fig. 2 a transverse sectional view along the'lines II-II of Fig. 1.

Referring tothe drawing the casing 1 of the injector is'fprovided with a steam nozzle 2, a combining nozzle 3 and a delivery nozzle (not illustrated) These three nozzles are surrounded by the overflow chamber 17 provided in the usual manner with an overflow valve (not illustrated).

4 is the steam inlet and 5 the water inlet. A differential piston with two portions 6 and '7 is movable within openings 13 and 29 of the casing 1 respectively. The chamber 25 belowthe lower portion 6 of the'piston is in communication with the open air by means of the opening 30 which is controlled by a ball shaped valve 28 operating under the influence of the gravity. Alongitudinal hole 26 is provided in said dii'ferential piston 6, '7, the upper end of which is laterally directed;

so as to connect the chamber 25 with the cham ber 27.

A second piston 31 rests upon the upper end of the differential piston 6, 7, which is likewise movable within an opening of the casing and from which a rod 32 adapted'to act upon the water valve 9 projects, The valve 9 is provided with an upstanding hollow piston 15 ,movable within a sleeve 16, which serves as a brake cylinden. Between the piston 15 and the sleeve 16 there is provideda small clearance space so dimensioned that when the water valve 9 is raised by the piston 31, 32 a certain resistance is opposed to this movement by the water discharged from the interior 14 of the brake cylinder through the ring shaped space between the piston 15 and the sleeve 16. The valve 9 is pressed down upon its seat 9 by gravity and by a weak coiled spring 11 The sleeve 16 forms part of a cock 18 having on its upper side a stem 24 provided with a square plug 19 at its end. The stem 24 is movable within the cover 21 and is provided with a longitudinal hole 20, the upper end of which is laterally directed so as to communicate with a channel 22 .in the cover 21 when the cook 18 or the stem 24 assumes a certain position to be described later. The channel 22 finds a continuation in channel 23 arranged Within the casing l and opening into the water inlet 5. As will be seen from Fig. 2, the inner end of the channel 22 opens into a circular groove 33 which partly surrounds the periphery of the stem 24.

The operation of the device is the following:

-When the admission pressure of steam isrelatively high and the brake mechanism is operative, the steam entering at 4 into the injector raises the piston 6, 7 owing to the differential action of the same. The rod 32 strikes against the underside of the water valve 9 raising it from its seat 10, so that water can immediately flow to the space 12 and to the system'of nozzles. The path through which steam admission occurs, however, is still shut, becausethe opening 13 is freed only after the performance of a piston movement along a certain distance 00. This movement is held back or retarded since the discharge of water from the interior 14 of the brake cylinder 16 causes the generation of a resistance while passing through the narrow annular crosssection left between the brake cylinder 16 and the brake piston 15. Thus the path for the steam admission is opened only after the passage of a certain amount of cold Water into the injector and its discharge into the open air through the overflow valve. Y

When'the admission pressure of the steam is relatively low, the. water supply is throttled by turning the cook 18 by means of a wrench applied to the square plug 19. As will be seen from Fig. 2, when the stem 24 is turned at least about an angle or the hole 20 comes into communication with the groove 33, so that the chamber 14 is in communication with the water inlet 5 by means i of the channels 22, 23, andtherebywitha space in which substantially atmospheric pressure prevails. The water in the chamber 14 can now easily escape therefrom so that the brake mecha- 'nism is rendered inoperative. Obviously the channels 22 or 23 may also directly lead into the open air.

The'valve 28serves for discharging the steam' and the condensate from the chamber 25 as soon as the pressure is relieved. Thus after the injector is stopped, the steam escapes into open'air f steam pressure and adapted to act upon the first named member, a hand operated throttling member for the water supply, means for obtaining a retardation of the opening of the member con: trolling the steam supply, comprising a water operated brakeme'chanism, forming part of said throttling member, 'a channel connectingthe g water chamber of said brake mechanism with a space where substantially atmospheric pressure prevails, and a shut-off member inserted into said channel.

2. -A non lifting injector. as setforth in am 1, .in which said shut-off member and said.

throttling member are operatively connected. so

as to be operable by hand in common. V

3. A non lifting injector, comprising a set'of nozzles, a member controlling the water supply and a further member controlling the steam supply to said nozzles, the latter operated by the pressure of the steam admitted thereto, and adapted to act upon said first named member, a

hand operated turning throttling member for the water supply, a water operated brake mecha-- nism retarding the opening movement oflsaid" controlling member for the water supply andforming part of said throttling member, a'chan-.

nel arranged in said throttlingmember adapted to connect thewater chamber of said brake mechanism with a space where substantially atmos-s positions of said:

pheric pressure prevails in some throttling member.

4. A non-lifting injector, comprising a set of nozzles, a member controlling the water supply and a further member controlling the steam supply to said nozzles, thelatter operatedby the pressure of the steam admitted thereto and adapted to act upon the first named member, a manually turnable throttling member, for the water supply, a water operated brake mechanism V retarding the opening movement of said controlling member for the water supply, and. forming part of said throttling member, a channel'arranged in said throttling member-so as to close or to connect the water chamber of said brake 65 mechanism with a space wheresubstantially ate.

'mospheric pressure prevails, in accordance to the angular position of said throttling member respectively. I

. HANS DEUTSCI-L;

PAUL JOMEK. 

